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Backlash (sociology)

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A backlash is a strong adverse reaction to an idea, action, or object. It is usually a reflection of a normative resentment rather than a denial of its existence. In Western identitarian political discourse, the term is commonly applied to instances of bias and discrimination against marginalized groups. In this form of discourse, backlash can be explained as the response- or counter reaction- to efforts of social change made by a group to gain access to rights or power.

Historical Western examples

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  • 13th Amendment — Jim Crow Laws were racial backlash in response to the amendment to the United States constitution.[1]
  • Civil rights — Voting restrictions implemented.[citation needed]
  • Women's Movement — Backlash centered on infertility issues, women's "biological clock" and shortage of men.[2]

Contemporary Western examples

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  • Me Too Movement — Impacted women in the workforce. Men were more reluctant to hire women deemed attractive, more reluctant to have one-on-one meetings with women, and had greater fears of being unfairly accused. In addition to this, 56% of women surveyed predicted that men would continue to harass them but would be more cautious to avoid being caught.[3] Backlash of date-rape prevalent with misleading language used in media. In 1987 it was called an "epidemic" and in 1993, "rape hype"; terms that were exaggerated and victim oriented.[4]
  • Abortion — Defund Planned Parenthood Act
    • "This bill temporarily restricts federal funding for Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Inc. Specifically, the bill prohibits, for a one-year period, the availability of federal funds for any purpose to this entity, or any of its affiliates or clinics, unless they certify that the affiliates and clinics will not perform, and will not provide any funds to any other entity that performs, an abortion during such period. This restriction does not apply in cases of rape or incest or where a physical condition endangers a woman's life unless an abortion is performed.[5]
  • LGBT backlash — Bathroom bills and medical bans are proposed to restrict the rights of transgender youth and adults. Arguments center around fair play in sports and sexual harassment in bathrooms.[6]
  • Black Lives Matter — Blue Lives Matter and All Lives Matter campaigns created in response.[7]
  • Bikelash - A colloquial term about the social and political resistance to the creation of urban infrastructure intended to accommodate safer cycling, seemingly at the expense of the use of automobiles.[8]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Jim Crow Laws: Definition, Facts & Timeline". HISTORY. 2024-01-22. Retrieved 2024-12-13.
  2. ^ Faludi, Susan (1991). Backlash: The Undeclared War Against American Women. New York City: Crown Publishing Group. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-517-57698-4.
  3. ^ Tim, Bower (2019-09-01). "The #MeToo Backlash". Harvard Business Review. ISSN 0017-8012. Retrieved 2021-04-26.
  4. ^ "The Date Rape Backlash". Media Education Foundation Online Store. Retrieved 2021-04-26.
  5. ^ Hartzler, Vicky (2019-01-25). "H.R.369 – 116th Congress (2019-2020): Defund Planned Parenthood Act of 2019". congress.gov. Retrieved 2021-04-26.
  6. ^ Murphy, Hannah (2021-04-21). "How Trans Kids Landed in the Crossfire of the Culture Wars — and the Damage It Could Do". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2021-04-26.
  7. ^ "History of the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter: Social activism on Twitter". Pew Research Center: Internet, Science & Tech. 2016-08-15. Retrieved 2021-04-26.
  8. ^ Bubbers, Matt (23 August 2019). "The 'bikelash' is real: What the war between bikes and cars says about us". Globe and Mail. Retrieved 18 February 2023.

Further reading

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Look up backlash in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
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